hand and whistle signal

 MAPPING CONTENT TAKEN FROM https://bsgscout.weebly.com/mapping.html MAP mapping is an important item in the progressive and attractive training program for Scouts/Guides, Rover and Rangers. Maps provide an efficient and unique means for reading and understanding the earth. The earth has a surface area of 197 million sq. miles pitted and roughened by mountains, plains and seas. The highest mountain is under miles. this is less than 0.1 percent of the earths. The deepest part of the ocean is not much deeper that Mt. Everest. Mt.Everest is 29,028 feet high and Marians Trench 35,958 feet deep are only bump a dent in the earth's circumference. Two fifths of its island and three fifths of the earth is covered with water and all the world continents would fit into an area the size or the Pacific Ocean. To understand the concept of Mapping, we must know what is Map and how to read it. A map is a pictorial representation of the earth's surface as looked from above, on a flat surface d...

what is constellation? -- a group of stars forming a  recognizable  pattern that is traditionally named after its apparent form or identified with a  mythological  figure.   Ursa Major, the Great Bear Ursa Major — the great bear — is always above the horizon in the northern latitudes, but the best time to see it is in the spring when its high above the northeastern horizon. Ursa Major is best known as the home of the Big Dipper. Of all the star patterns in the sky, the Big Dipper is the most universally recognized. The dipper's seven bright stars form a portion of the great bear. It's hard to see the rest of the bear, especially from light-polluted cities. After you locate the dipper, look at the two stars that mark the outer edge of its bowl. Now connect these two stars, then extend the line above the dipper's bowl. Polaris, the north star, lies along this line, about five times the distance between the two pointers. No matter where the Big Dipper is in our sky...

  COMPASS Finding direction is one of the essential skills of map making and map reading. Even the early man managed to find the direction through sun and stars. Later on compass was invented. Compass has dial and a magnetic needle suspended on the pivot in the watch like box. Needle of the compass always stands in North South directions. By which we can find the other directions, it has 360 degrees divided into 16 points. CARDINAL POINTS North, East, South, West are the four main cardinal points. It is denoted by single letter  N E S W There are four Sub/Semi cardinal points, they are denoted by two letters, the points are as  NE, SE, SW, NW. There are eight midway/intermediate cardinal points, they are denoted by three letters, the points are as  NNE, ENE, ESE, SSE, SSW, WSW, WNW, NNW. Compass is always read clock-wise. Total number of important points are sixteen. No Compass point Abbreviation True Heading 1 North N 0.00°/360.00° 2 North North East NNE 22.50° 3 No...