COMPASS SCOUT

 

COMPASS

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Finding direction is one of the essential skills of map making and map reading. Even the early man managed to find the direction through sun and stars. Later on compass was invented.
Compass has dial and a magnetic needle suspended on the pivot in the watch like box. Needle of the compass always stands in North South directions. By which we can find the other directions, it has 360 degrees divided into 16 points.

CARDINAL POINTS

  • North, East, South, West are the four main cardinal points. It is denoted by single letter N E S W
  • There are four Sub/Semi cardinal points, they are denoted by two letters, the points are as NE, SE, SW, NW.
  • There are eight midway/intermediate cardinal points, they are denoted by three letters, the points are as NNE, ENE, ESE, SSE, SSW, WSW, WNW, NNW.
Compass is always read clock-wise. Total number of important points are sixteen.
No
Compass point
Abbreviation
True Heading
1
North
N
0.00°/360.00°
2
North North East
NNE
22.50°
3
North East
NE
45.00°
4
East North East
ENE
67.50°
5
East
E
90.00°
6
East South East
ESE
112.50°

7
South East
SE
135.00°
8
South South East

SSE
157.50°
9
South
S
180.00°
10
South South West
SSW
202.50°

11
South West

SW
225.00°
12
West South West
WSW
247.50°
13
West
W
270.00°

14
West North West
WNW
292.50°
15
North West

NW
315.00°
16
North North West
NNW
337.50°

COMPASS SETTING

  • Rotate the compass and overlap the magnetic needle North to Compass dial North is called compass setting.
  • Shake the compass before use.
  • Keep your compass on a hard flat surface while it is used.
  • Wait until the needle stand still then start finding directions.
  • Before use take care of keeping the compass away from the influence of any iron.
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BEARING

Bearing is an angle from the north to the object from observation point in clockwise direction. It is also called forward bearing.

BACK BEARING

Back bearing is an angle at object made from north to the observation point in clockwise direction.
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Formula:- while working on the ground to check the correctness of the Forward bearing we take the help of back bearing, for this a formula is given here for your practice.
Forward bearing and back bearing are always with the difference of 180°. To get the backward bearing, if the forward bearing is less than 180° we add 180° to it. When the forward bearing is more than 180° from forward bearing.
For Example: forward bearing 75°. Then back bearing is 75° + 180° = 255°.
If forward bearing is 265° Then back bearing is 265° - 180° = 85°.
Another method is just see the bottom of the needle. The angle shown is a backward bearing.

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